Order flow
Candles opened up to show how much was bought and sold at every price inside them.
A footprint chart (also called a cluster chart or volumetric bars) splits each candle by price. Each row shows the volume that traded there, usually as sell (at the bid) × buy (at the ask). Variants show only the total, only the difference (delta), or a small profile inside each bar.
Two footprint details come up often. At the high or low of a bar, a finished auction has zero trades on one side (no sellers at the very high, for example), which suggests that side ran out. An unfinished auction has trades on both sides at the extreme, and price often comes back to it later, though that's a tendency rather than a rule.
It needs tick data with the aggressor side, so it works properly on futures and crypto, not on spot forex. Footprints built from candles, like TradingView's, are estimates and can change after the fact.
For education only, not financial advice.